Via NY Transfer News Collective * All the News that Doesn't Fit US Spy News Samples from... INTELLIGENCE ISSN 1245-2122 N. 37 New Series, 13 May 1996 Publishing since 1980 Editor Olivier Schmidt (email intelligence-adi@wanadoo.fr; web http://www.blythe.org/Intelligence; tel/fax 33 1 40 51 85 19; post ADI, 16 rue des Ecoles, 75005 Paris, France) Copyright ADI 1996, reproduction in any form forbidden without explicit authorization from the ADI. A one year subscription (23 issues) is US $315. * Intelligence, N. 37, 13 May 1996, p. 1 FRONTPAGE: US NSA REVEALS SECRET HERITAGE When the National Security Agency (NSA) established its own WWW homepage recently, some skeptics wondered if the NSA was more interested in the IP numbers of Web visitors than in informing the public. Many intelligence scholars may have to revise their cynicism. On 4 April, the NSA agreed to completely declassify 1.5 million documents contained in 1471 boxes at the U.S. National Archives, which will be available to researchers as part of the Record Group 457. At an Intelligence History conference on 10-12 May in Hamburg, Germany, hosted by the Germany-based International Intelligence History Study Group (INT, N. 35/38), historian Gerhard L. Weinberg, who is a member of a panel established to advise U.S. government agencies on the release of documents, explained that these documents may help alter our understanding of the early Twentieth Century (1900-1950). An 112-page index of the documents shows that the declassified documents provide an in-depth look at the history of making and breaking codes. According to Professor Weinberg, the National Archives plan to make the list available on the WWW in the near future which should greatly improve the accessibility of this mass of data. In its paper form, researchers are stymied by the mixture of regions and topics. For example Box 608 contains documents on ITALIAN SUB CODE (SIGMA TRAFFIC LOG), AN OFFER OF CODE SYSTEM TO THE US BY SWISS RESIDENT, COLOMBIAN COMMUNICATIONS ENCRYPTION, FRENCH NAVY DOCS CAPTURED AT SAFI, MOROCCO RADIO STATION IN NOVEMBER 1943, ... BOLIVIAN CODES, ITALIAN ESPIONAGE CODES, ... SECRET INK COMMUNICATION FROM ARGENTINA TO NEW YORK, ... AUTHENTICATION KEY TABLE FOR USE BETWEEN STATE BANK USSR & BANK OF MEXICO, ... LETTER RE GERMANY INTERCEPT OF US NAVY WIRELESS. The above are only a portion of the document titles contained in one box. The headings "JAPANESE" and "GERMAN" are seen most frequently and appear to account for about half the indexed titles. This is not surprising due to the British and American success in cracking the Enigma and Purple code machines. The fact that the entire index is written in capital letters, shows that it was made with a computer system and outputted to a seven-bit or telex- type printer. A typical index line from Box 188: NR 882 CBCB36 4654A 1950000 REPORTS ON JAPANESE EFFORT AGAINST SOVIET CODES AND ATTACHMENTS. Box 184 contains a line which could be the gateway to invaluable documents for World War II historians: NR 858 CBCB28 947A 19431215 JMA HEADLINES/WEEKLY LISTS OF MESSAGES FROM JAPANESE MILITARY ATTACHE, EUROPE. Or BOX 181: NR 854 CBCB25 946A 19450825 TRANSLATIONS OF ATTACHE MESSAGES FROM/TO EUROPE AND TOKYO. Prof. Weinberg explained in his paper, presented at the Hamburg conference, that the radio intercepts of messages by Japanese diplomats provide some of the best information on events in Axis and other European capitals during the war. Japanese diplomats and attaches were accredited in the Soviet Union, Portugal, Hungary and many other countries. Prof. Weinberg described the Japanese reports from Hungary as important, and said the reports by Mitani in Vichy are essential reading. An intercept of a report by the Japanese ambassador to Rome, Quirinal, provides a unique inside look into events in Rome on the day Mussolini was voted down in the Fascist Grand Council. Particularly for the period 1944 to 1945, many important documents were lost during the final months of the war. However, thousands of important documents, which cannot be found today in German or Japanese archives, will now be available to scholars, indirectly through the release of the NSA documents. As Prof. Weinberg explained, the originals are gone, destroyed in the war, the intercepts are also gone, as are the German or Japanese decrypts. What remains are the English translations of these decrypts. While Prof. Weinberg admited he would prefer to have the original documents, his judgment is that these English translations are on the whole very good. The declassified documents will give Sigint scholars a much more complete look at the secret history of code making and breaking in the early Twentieth Century. It is a period when the "science" of secret communications was being refined to an art. On 30 January 1943, a report was registered in the Sigint file system: NR 863 CBCB31 1291A 19430130 EXPECTED NUMBER OF "CLICKS" IN RANDOM MATERIAL. Clearly the Sigint specialists were studying whether messages could be encoded not just in the number system but also in the "noise" or interference accompanying the "message". Indeed, intelligence analysts will be closely scrutinizing the Index List for information between the lines about which other documents were not released at this time. Using the above example, we can analyze the registration numbers to find gaps: "NR 863" is a consecutive number assigned by the National Archives to documents in this collection. "CBCB31" is also a consecutive number referring to the box in which the documents are held. Interestingly the "CB" system ends with document NR 3708 CBTM13. Only one index reference is made to a document in the "G22" box series G22- 0504ss3 6A. Then all the remaining documents are boxed as "ZE" documents beginning with ZEMA01. Because only two-digit placeholders were used in the "ZE" series to give small numbers the same number of digits as the large numbers, e.g. "01" for "1", the sorting program has thrown the listing of some of the three-digit box numbers in between the two-digit numbers: "10" is followed by "100" and "101" instead of by "11". Looking again at the above example, we come to the really interesting portion of the registration number "1291A". This is probably the "record" number assigned to the document before it was turned over to the NSA. If this number is part of a consecutive system, which it seems to be, then it is possible to estimate how many documents, previously filed together with released documents, have not been released. For example, the listing directly before NR 863 reads: NR 862 CBCB31 1283A 19411100 THEORY AND ANALYSIS OF A LETTER-SUBTRACTOR MACHINE. It was originally filed fifteen months earlier in November 1941 and is also a theoretical paper. Within the file system, however, seven theoretical papers are missing. Evidently, the NSA release board views letter subtraction and noise-based ciphers to be only of historical interest, but seven other studies, made in or around 1942, contain information which may be relevant even today. Similar gaps can be seen in other material. Box 1284 contains information on Middle East, Polish, Swiss, Venezuelan, Yugoslavian and Vatican codes, but other similar files from the years 1942 to 1945 seem to be missing. Files also seem to be missing in Box 1471 which contains information on cryptographic codes and ciphers used by Afghanistan, Burma, Chile, Finland, France and the European Economic Community (EEC). The relatively small amount of material on the Soviet Union is also remarkable for the large numerical gaps in the document numbering system. Whether these gaps are real or only the result of disordered indexing will need to be resolved after the data is available in a form suitable for computer processing. It is interesting that the released documents contain much material which is still classified in Britain. The history of Bletchley Park is covered by thousands of pages of documented ranging from annual reports, to training materials, photographs of the installation and personnel and organizational charts. Prof. Weinberg speculated in his paper that this may mean that the British government is planning to make a similar release of documents because the above "British-owned" material could not be released without the consent of Her Majesty's Government. The breadth of the material demonstrates that few countries were deemed unworthy of having their ciphers attacked. Some of the effort in obscure locations was clearly made to obtain the weather reports. In general, however, resources were assigned to attacking every encryption method just to be sure if and how they could be broken. References made to American (Box 1340) cryptographic codes and ciphers may also indicate that "tiger teams" were already attacking U.S. codes and ciphers to determine weaknesses in 1940. One interesting benefit is a look at the Sigint successes achieved by other countries. Many of the documents involve the decryption of Italian codes containing the content of a message the Italians decrypted from German communications. Indeed some of the documents involve American diplomatic traffic which was decrypted elsewhere and recaptured. Still unanswered is why the NSA agreed to declassify so much material. One simple answer might be that the documents largely predate the agency's founding in 1949. Another convincing argument is that the burden of maintaining the documents is too great. By entrusting the documents to the National Archives, the NSA saves money and resources. Indeed a study made by the Landesamt fuer Verfassungsschutz in Bremen in the mid-1980s showed that by decreasing the bulk of its files - - particularly unnecessary files -- it was able to increase its organizational effectiveness. * Intelligence, N. 37, 13 May 1996, p. 48 USA: ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERERS FALLING OVER EACH OTHER The seriousness of anti-money laundering has been badly "dented" by the simultaneous organization of two "major" international conferences on the subject on the East Coast of the United States. "Money Laundering Alert", a monthly publication "reporting on money laundering" and which has been in business for a few years now, is promoting a 16 May conference in Miami, Florida, at the Hyatt Regency Hotel. The meeting "will gather 38 leading U.S. and world experts to share their knowledge. Topics include examination of new money laundering techniques, explanation of the latest applications of the U.S. money laundering law, demonstrations of 'cyberlaundering' and interactive multimedia computer-based training, full examination of suspicion reporting requirements and much more." Oceana Publications and the Centre for International Financial Crimes Studies (CIFCS) are holding their pompously entitled meeting, "Money Laundering, Cyberpayments, Forfeiture, the Global Mafias, Offshore Investments, Securities, Corporate Security and Intentional Financial Crimes", in New York at the Marriott Marquis on 16-17 May. If the program is correct, there will be such "heavyweights" as Stanley E. Morris, the director of the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FINCen) of the U.S. Treasury who is rarely seen or speaks in public. Strangely enough, the apparent "major mover" behind the New York meeting, the CIFCS with its British spelling of "Centre", is not very cosmopolitanly located, being at the University of Florida in Gainesville, where it should very well know about Florida-based "Money Laundering Alert and the Miami meeting. Given the "line-ups" at the two meetings, the New York one (trusting that the program is correct) looks much more "official" with participation from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the U.S. Federal Reserve Board and the American Bankers Association, while the Miami one appears to be much more oriented toward businessmen and bankers. In short, it looks like the officials and "enforcers" are meeting in New York and the businessmen and "clients" are meeting in Miami. COMMENT -- About the only place information is simultaneously available on both meetings is at "Mario's Cyberspace Station" whose two "Dirty Money Web Sites" we present in this issue (see the section "Technology & Techniques", p. 10). And since money-laundering is today's "growth industry", everybody is jumping on the bandwagon. The latest entry is the City of London Police Fraud Investigation Department under Deputy Superintendent Jerry Ohlson who announced the creation on 2 May of a specialized "11-person [anti] money-laundering unit". One could wonder what the City's Fraud Squad has been doing since the enactment of the 1993 British Money Laundering Regulations which has resulted in 14,000 annual reports of suspicious financial transactions being sent to the National Criminal Intelligence Service (NCIS) in London. One thing everyone agrees upon is that the "new frontier" is to the East, not to the West. On 26 April, the Italian press interviewed Mihaly Arnold, head of Hungary's Customs and Finance Guards, and following "Intelligence" reports (INT, N. 31/17), called Budapest the new money-laundering capital of Europe, replacing Switzerland. According to Arnold, Hungary's banking system is unable to supervise all transactions. In the United States, they're unable to "supervise" money-laundering meetings. The topping on the cake is that the under-staffed but recognized world headquarters for anti-money-laundering, the OECD/G-7 Financial Action Task Force (FATF) in Paris, with its three- strong personnel, can't keep up. So it was "Intelligence" that kindly informed the FATF recently that the Seychelle Islands publicly declared that the FATF was "invited (...) to help vet applications for special investor status" which is equivalent to diplomatic immunity for "heavy-duty" money-launderers (INT, N. 36/46). The FATF was completely unaware of this use of its name. * Intelligence, N. 37, 13 May 1996, p. 10 MONEY LAUNDERING - Web Site Info But No Use. Mario Profaca (mprofaca@public.srce.hr) has created two web sites specialized in information on money laundering: http://public.srce.hr/~mprofaca/money.html in Croatia, and http://www.unm.edu/~vuksan/mario/money.html in the U.S. Under the section "Dirty Money", there are sections on: Dirty Money No Kidding; Organized Crime Guides and Analyses; Money Laundering Alerts and Conferences; Money Laundering Around the World; The New Underworld Order; Money Lost in the Cyberspace; Money Laundering Legislation and Enforcement; and Money Laundering VIP. As he admits, his web sites didn't keep money laundering experts from organizing two big conferences almost at the same time in New York on 15 May and in Miami on 16 May (see "Agenda" below in this issue). * Intelligence, N. 37, 13 May 1996, p. 11 FORENSICS - British Experts for Oklahoma City Trial. The Oklahoma City bombing defense team has obtained public funds to hire the Scottish Lothian and Borders Police Forensic Laboratory to examine blast debris and U.S. FBI reports. One of the lab's scientists has extensive experience with ammonium nitrate-fertilizer-diesel oil (ANFO) bombs in Northern Ireland and the lab carried out much of the forensic research on the Pan Am 103 bombing over Lockerbie on 21 December 1988. The defense team has also enlisted the help of one of Britain's leading bomb-related deaths experts, Prof. Thomas Marshall, who served as Northern Ireland's state pathologist for thirty years. Prof. Marshall has agreed to review medical reports relating to those killed in the Oklahoma City bombing. * Intelligence, N. 37, 13 May 1996, p. 20 U.S.A. - John Pereira. /Guatemala/De-classification project According to John Pereira, 63, head of the CIA's "historical review group", 60,000 pages on the Bay of Pigs and 20,000 pages on the CIA coup in Guatemala are being reviewed and could be released later this year. Although CIA director John Deutch doubled Pereira's budget, he only has eight employees and 25 retirees working for him in Rosslyn, Virginia. Pereira entered the CIA in 1962, worked in operations as a case officer and at headquarters as an intelligence analyst. * Intelligence, N. 37, 13 May 1996, p. 85 VIETNAM - Colby Leaves but Controversy Remains. Military historian and Vietnam War specialist, Dale Andrade's recent book, "Ashes to Ashes - The Phoenix Program and the Vietnam War, Cover for Assassination or Effective Counterinsurgency?" raises the question of the definition of who was or was not a member of the Viet Cong and seems to come down in favor of recently deceased former CIA director, William Colby's definition that excludes "rank-and-file" members or members of the Liberation Association. Leading CIA "dissident", Ralph McGehee, who worked for Colby in Southeast Asia and founded CIABASE (INT, N. 34/19), says not counting "rank-and-file" was one of Colby's major errors, along with thinking that the Phoenix Program he created would "solve the problem" by eliminating Viet Cong infrastructure. * For subscription info, write to: intelligence-adi@wanadoo.fr or point your browser to: http://www.blythe.org/Intelligence/ Also in this Issue: N. 37 New Series, 13 May 1996 FRONTPAGE U.S.A. - NSA REVEALS SECRET HERITAGE p.1 TECHNOLOGY & TECHNIQUES LINK ANALYSIS DATA MINING WITH ALTA'S NETMAP p.2 PARAFOIL VEHICLE FOR "SPECIAL OPS" INSERTION p.3 NAMEBASE AVAILABLE ONLINE VIA TELNET AND WEB p.4 FIREARMS - FBI's Deadly Anniversary. p.5 SPY BOOKS - The "Surveillant" is Back. p.6 VIRUSES - More From Microsoft. p.7 RESUMES - Headhunters & Security Leaks. p.8 SR-71 - Grounded by Bureaucratic "Mothballing". p.9 MONEY LAUNDERING - Web Site Info But No Use. p.10 FORENSICS - British Experts for Oklahoma City Trial. p.11 INFOSEC - Access and Protection of Medical Data. p.12 COPYING - Crack-Down on Software Hits Bosses. p.13 IMAGERY - U.S. Non-Seismic Intelligence on Russian "Bomb". p.14 PEOPLE CHARLES GETZ - U.S.A. p.15 OLGA MAITLAND - GREAT BRITAIN p.16 IVO JANCEV - BULGARIA p.17 KAMAL HAMED - PALESTINE/ISRAEL p.18 U.S.A. - Alexander DeVolpi. p.19 U.S.A. - John Pereira. p.20 U.S.A. - John M. Deutch. p.21 GREAT BRITAIN - Roy Thomason. p.22 GREAT BRITAIN - "Mardi Gra". p.23 BELARUS - Yurii Zakharenko. p.24 RUSSIA - Nikolai Golushko. p.25 RUSSIA - Pavel Glebov. p.26 TAJIKISTAN - Sayidamir Zuhurov. p.27 MEXICO - Jose Arturo Ochoa Palacios. p.28 SOUTH AFRICA - Paul Grecian. p.29 AGENDA CAIS - Annual Meeting. p.30 NETSEC - West Coast Meeting. p.31 BSI 96 - British Army Show. p.32 FORUM 52 - American Helicopter Meeting. p.33 TTS 96 - Major Test Technology Symposium. p.34 JAST 96 - Joint Air Strike Conference. p.35 INFOSEC - Major French Show. p.36 EUROINFO - Training Seminar. p.37 INTELNET - Seventh Annual Seminar. p.38 ECONOMIC INTEL - Seminar for Small Businesses. p.39 SLA 96 - 87th Annual Conference. p.40 SEC EXPO - Specialist Training Conference. p.41 STRATEGIC INFO - Medical Technology & Research. p.42 NMIA - Warfighter Symposium. p.43 INTERNET LAW - French Meeting. p.44 OJJDP - Gangs Meeting. p.45 MIT - Defense Strategy Summer Session. p.46 ADPA - Technology Conference. p.47 INTELLIGENCE AROUND THE WORLD U.S.A. - ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERERS FALLING OVER EACH OTHER p.48 "Special Ops" Tim Booted Out. p.49 State Department's INR Downsizing. p.50 Customs' "Unsafe" New Headquarters. p.51 Getting Enough Democracy for Your Dollar in Russia. p.52 Two CIA Memoirs. p.53 "Coin-Operated Congress" on the Web. p.54 CANADA - Top Ten "Under-Reported Stories" of 1995. p.55 GREAT BRITAIN - POLICE WORRIES ABOUT DEATH AND THE INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY p.56 REVIEW OF BRITISH MILITARY FORCES p.57 Stormy British Aerospace Annual Meeting. p.58 NORTHERN IRELAND - SECURITY TAPES CAUSE MAJOR EMBARRASSMENT p.59 Kincora, South Africa & MI5. p.60 IRELAND - Defence Security Worry. p.61 FRANCE - SOLID SPY BUDGET DOESN'T AVOID TROUBLE p.62 Pay-Up for "Economic Warfare". p.63 Coincidence No Explanation for Spies. p.64 Customs and Police Ready to Fight Again. p.65 BELGIUM - WHAT GOES AROUND COMES AROUND AGAIN p.66 NETHERLANDS - New BVD Security Division Chief. p.67 GERMANY - BATTLE FOR CONTROL OF THE BND AND THE BFV p.68 Strange Iranian Arms Seizure. p.69 Two Different Stories on Helios-2. p.70 SWITZERLAND - A Busy Spring in the Alps. p.71 ITALY - "Il Triangolo Malefico". p.72 SPAIN - Green, Blue & Brown GALs. p.73 EUROPE - Specialists in Different Trafficking. p.74 CZECH REPUBLIC - Moving to the U.S to Avoid Trouble. p.75 BOSNIA - Real Worries and Past Trafficking. p.76 UKRAINE - Spoiling the SBU's Party. p.77 RUSSIA - "MOST" INTO THE FRAY FOR PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS p.78 DIPLOMATIC STAND-OFF IN ESPIONAGE AFFAIR p.79 You Can "Feel" the Elections Coming. p.80 SURINAM - FRENCH OFFERED TO TOPPLE REGIME IN 1982 p.81 BRAZIL - Industrial Espionage Case Still "Conditional". p.82 TUNISIA - Very Happy with Deadly Czech "Trainers". p.83 MIDDLE EAST - An Israeli Nuclear Umbrella. p.84 VIETNAM - Colby Leaves but Controversy Remains. p.85 JAPAN - Intelligence Moves to Stage. p.86 ================================================================= NY Transfer News Collective * A Service of Blythe Systems Since 1985 - Information for the Rest of Us 339 Lafayette St., New York, NY 10012 http://www.blythe.org e-mail =================================================================